The Ohio Department of Health requires that drinking water provided from private water systems in Ohio such as wells, springs, and hauled water be tested for total coliform bacteria, E. coli, and nitrates upon completion, alteration, or other activities of those systems. Most of us have heard about E. coli (Chipotle is currently having an issue with this bacteria) and nitrates in the news, but today, I will be talking about total coliform bacteria. This 16-species collection of relatively harmless microorganisms (which includes E. coli and other fecal coliform bacteria) help with food digestion and are found in soil, plants, and warm- and cold-blooded animals' intestines, including humans and our waste. Total coliform bacteria are indicators that other disease-causing organisms could be present, along with their health risks such as cramps and diarrhea, especially with fecal-contaminated water. The benefits of testing water for total coliform bacteria instead of all of the pathogens that may or may not also be in the water include saving time and money because they are usually present in large numbers.
How can we prevent coliform contamination? All water sources should be constructed properly and cleaned by a professional if the bacteria is found. It is recommended (according to the New York State Department of Health) to test your water once a year in late spring or early summer, To remove total coliform bacteria, homeowners should use treatments devices to disinfect and filter the water (I take extra precautionary measures and also use my Brita filter, pictured above). If the bacteria is still present, then the treatment is not working properly. If total coliform bacteria is found in a Washington water system, homeowners additionally add chlorine for a short period of time. More work needs to be done if fecal coliform or E. coli is found because they impose immediate health risks. Officials have to notify everyone who uses the water within 24 hours that they need to boil any water before using it until the problem is resolved.
